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Sheet 00 · Cover

Business plan structure, section by section Biz Plan Blueprint

A business plan laid out as a working outline: what each section is for, what a lender, investor or partner expects to find in it, and the order a reader moves through it.

  • Purpose of each section
  • What a reader looks for
  • No scores or grades
Title block Not to scale
Drawing
Business plan, working outline
Format
Traditional plan, with notes on the lean version
Reader
Lenders, investors, partners and the founder
Sheets
01 to 09

Sheets 01 to 09

The outline, in the order a reader meets it

The traditional business plan follows a fairly settled sequence. Lenders and programmes sometimes rename or merge sections, but the job of every section stays the same.

  1. 01Sheet

    Executive summary

    A short version of the whole plan, usually a page or two. It is the part most readers finish, so it is written last, once the sections it summarises exist.

    A reader expects
    What the business does, who it serves, what is being asked for, and why the timing makes sense.
  2. 02Sheet

    Company description

    Who the business is and the problem it sets out to solve, stated plainly enough that the rest of the plan has something to refer back to.

    A reader expects
    The legal structure, where the business operates, the customers it serves and what makes it different from the alternatives.
  3. 03Sheet

    Market analysis

    The case that a market exists and that the founder understands it. Claims made elsewhere in the plan lean on this section.

    A reader expects
    A defined target customer, the size of that market, the competitors and how this business compares with them, and any trend that matters to demand.
  4. 04Sheet

    Organization and management

    Who runs the business and how decisions get made, from ownership down to the roles that carry the day-to-day work.

    A reader expects
    The ownership and legal structure, an organisation chart for anything beyond a sole founder, and the experience each key role brings.
  5. 05Sheet

    Products or services

    What is actually sold, described from the customer side: what it does for them, rather than how it is built.

    A reader expects
    The offer itself, how it is priced, where it sits in its lifecycle, and any intellectual property or supplier arrangements it depends on.
  6. 06Sheet

    Marketing and sales

    How customers find out about the business and how a first conversation turns into a sale, with the approach expected to change as it grows.

    A reader expects
    The channels in use, the sales process from first contact to payment, and how the plan for attracting and keeping customers will scale.
  7. 07Sheet

    Funding request

    What money is needed, over what period and for what. Only plans that are asking for finance carry this section.

    A reader expects
    The amount, whether it is sought as debt or equity, how it will be spent, and any funding expected to be needed later.
    Optional when no one is being asked for money
  8. 08Sheet

    Financial projections

    Evidence that the numbers hold together: that the costs, prices and volumes described in earlier sections add up to a business that can pay its way.

    A reader expects
    Forecast income statements, balance sheets and cash-flow statements, and for a business already trading, its historical figures alongside them.
  9. 09Sheet

    Appendix

    The supporting documents the body of the plan refers to, kept out of the way so the main sections stay readable.

    A reader expects
    Credit histories, résumés, permits and licences, contracts, letters of reference and product images, each one cited from the section it supports.

Covered in detail in How to Write a Business Plan, Writing a Plan With No Business Experience and A One-Page Plan Instead of a Full One.

Two formats

Traditional plan or lean plan

The same sections can be written out in full or reduced to short entries. Which one fits depends on who will read it and what they need to decide.

Aspect Traditional plan Lean plan
Length Many pages, every section written out Often a single page
Detail Full narrative, supporting figures and an appendix Key points only, a line or two per element
Usual reader Lenders and investors who ask for a complete plan The founder and team, for planning and quick revision
Revised At major decisions or funding rounds As often as the business changes course

Covered in detail in The Eight Sections, and What Each One Is For, The SBA Outline vs a Lean Canvas and Writing the Financial Projections Section.

Open questions

What people ask when they sit down to write one

  1. How long should a business plan be?

  2. Why is the executive summary written last when it comes first?

  3. How do you size a market without paying for a research report?

  4. What goes into the financial projections section?

  5. What belongs in a funding request, and what can be left out?

  6. When is a one-page lean plan enough on its own?

General notes

Conventions used throughout

Notes

  1. Each section is explained in words: what it is for and what a reader looks for. Nothing is given a score, a grade or a star rating.
  2. A figure, where one matters, comes with the official source it was taken from and the date it was checked.
  3. Section names follow the common traditional format. Where a lender or programme uses its own headings, the difference is pointed out rather than glossed over.

Covered in detail in Business Planning Terms, Explained, A Guided Tool vs a Blank Document and LivePlan Reviewed as a Teaching Tool.